BIO 5406
McGilliard

Reading Assignment:

     Hadley, pp. 337-338, 345-347, 350-363.

     Kocher, R., and Sackey, J.  A case of abruptly elevated blood glucose.  Cortlandt Forum

          15(2): 14-19, Feb. 2002.

Objectives:

     After reviewing your lecture notes and reading assignment, you should be able to:
 
     1.  Describe the biological effects of aldosterone.
 
          Text -- pp. 347, 354-357
          Figure -- 15.19

     2.  Describe the locations and functions of juxtaglomerular cells and the macula densa.
 
          Figure -- 15.9
          Juxtaglomerular Apparatus

     3.  Outline the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and describe its role  in the
          regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance.
 
          Text -- pp. 345-347, 357
          Figures -- 15.8, 15.10
          Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
          Regulation of Blood Volume

     4.  Describe the unique roles of corticosteroids in fluid and electrolyte balance of
          amphibians and marine reptiles and birds.
 

          Salt-excreting Glands

     5.  Describe the biological effects of cortisol.
 
          Text -- pp. 351-356

          Figure -- 15.17

     6.  Describe the relationship between stress and cortisol secretion.
 
          Text -- pp. 353-354

          Stress Response

     7.  Describe the beneficial and adverse effects of pharmacological doses of cortisol

          in the treatment of inflammatory disease.
 
          Text -- pp. 353, 360

      8.  Name two commonly prescribed glucocorticoid preparations.

      9.  Draw a control system diagram outlining the feedback control of cortisol secretion.
 
          Text -- pp. 104-105, 119-120, 344-345
          Figure -- 15.6

   10.  Describe how the feedback control of cortisol secretion is influenced by:
          a.  Daily rhythms.
          b.  Stress.
          c.  Addison's disease.
          d.  Hypopituitarism.
          e.  Cushing's syndrome (adrenal origin).
          f.   ACTH hypersecretion.
          g.  High-dose glucocorticoid therapy.
          h.  Withdrawal from high-dose glucocorticoid therapy.
 
          Text -- pp. 345, 354, 357-360
          Figure -- 15.21

   11.  Describe the symptoms of hypocortisolism.
 
          Text -- pp. 357-358

   12.  Describe the symptoms of hypercortisolism.
 
          Text -- pg. 358-360

          Kocher and Sackey Paper

   13.  Describe the contributions of the following scientists to the field of endocrinology:
          a.  Thomas Addison.
          b.  Harvey Cushing.
          c.  Hans Selye.
          d.  Tadeus Reichstein.
          e.  Edward Kendall.
          f.  Phillip Hench.
 
          Text -- pp. 337-338, 353-354, 357-360
          The Discovery of Cortisone
          1950 Nobel Presentation Speech