BIO 5406
McGilliard
 

Reading Assignment:

     Hadley, pp. 274-275, 408-432, 436-452.

     Jordan, V.C.  Designer estrogens.  Scientific American 279(4): 60-67, Oct. 1998.
 

Objectives:

     After reviewing your lecture notes and reading assignment, you should be able to:

     1.  Describe the cell types and key enzymes involved in estrogen biosynthesis.

          Lecture -- 3/30
          Text -- pp. 413-414
          Figures -- 18.5, 18.6
          Ovarian follicles:  Oocyte (1), granulosa cells (2), and thecal cells (3)

     2.  Describe the feedback control of estrogen secretion in the female.

          Lecture -- 3/30
          Text -- pp. 418-423
          Control of estrogen secretion during early follicular phase

     3.  Describe the sites, sequence of events, and hormonal control of oogenesis.

          Lecture -- 3/30
          Text -- pp. 408-413
          Figures -- 18.1, 18.2, 18.3
          Anatomy of the female reproductive system (sagital section)
          Anatomy of the female reproductive system (posterior view)
          Oogenesis
          Development of the ovarian follicle
          Stages of follicle development
          Ovary (low power)
          Primordial follicles
          Primordial follicle (a) and primary follicle (b)
          Primary follicles (1 & 2) and secondary follicle (3)
          Secondary follicle
          Secondary follicle (arrow indicates antrum formation)
          Graafian follicle
          Ruptured follicle (low power):  (a) indicates granulosa layer
          Corpus luteum (a) and primary follicle (b)

     4.  Outline the sequence of events occurring in the ovary, uterus, hypothalamus, and
          pituitary during the menstrual cycle.

          Text -- pp. 423-426
          Figures -- 18.11, 18.12
          Menstrual cycle
          Hormone levels during the menstrual cycle
          Positive feedback loop in the late follicular phase
          Corpus luteum
          Luteal cells (high power)

     5.  Compare and contrast the events of the menstrual cycle with those of the

          estrous cycle.

          Lecture -- 3/28
          Text -- pg. 423
          Table -- 18.2
          Lab:  Ovariectomy

     6.  Identify the stage of the menstrual cycle based on a histological section of the
          uterine endometrium.

          Text -- pp. 461-462
          Figure -- 18.12
          Endometrium:  Proliferative phase (a) and secretory phase (b)

     7.  Identify the stage of the estrous cycle of a rat based on examination of the
          vaginal smear.

          Lecture -- 3/28
          Lab:  Ovariectomy

     8.  Describe the mechanisms of action of  estrogen and progesterone.

          Text -- pp. 417-419

          Figure -- 18.8

          Jordan paper

     9.  List the biological effects of estrogen.

          Text -- pp. 416-417
          Table -- 18.1

          Effects of Estrogen

   10.  Compare and contrast estrogens with selective estrogen receptor modulators

          (SERMs) with respect to medical uses and adverse effects in postmenopausal

          women.

          Text -- pg. 418
          Jordan paper

   11.  Discuss the treatment of infertility in women.

   12.  Describe the methods of contraception available to the female and discuss their
          advantages and disadvantages.

          Text -- pp. 447-449

          Figure -- 19.12

   13.  Discuss the transport of spermatozoa and the ovum through the female

          reproductive tract.

          Text -- pp. 436-437
          Fertilization
          Ovulation, fertilization, and implantation

   14.  Discuss the role of chorionic gonadotropin in pregnancy and its measurement in

          pregnancy testing.

          Text -- pp. 437-438
          Secretion of chorionic gonadotropin

   15.  Name four hormones secreted by the placenta and describe their roles in

          pregnancy.

          Text -- pp. 274-275, 438-439

   16.  Describe the roles of relaxin, oxytocin, and prostaglandins in parturition.

          Text -- pp. 440-444
          Figures -- 19.4, 19.5, 19.6
          Stimulation of uterine contractions

   17.  Describe the contributions of the following scientists to our understanding of
          reproductive endocrinology:
          a.  Edgar Allen.
          b.  Edward Doisy.
          c.  Adolf Butenandt.

          Text -- pg. 408
          Butenandt's Nobel Presentation Speech