Inductance
Mutual Inductance
Consider two nearby coils. As a current changes in one coil, the magnetic flux through the other coil changes. This causes an induced emf (voltage) in the second coil.
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We describe this situation as the mutual inductance of the two coils. The voltage induced in the other coil is
and
It turns out there is great symmetry and M = M12 = M21.
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