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Statistics:
High score: 100%
Mean: 73%
Low: 39%
Enter all your answers in the "scantron sheet" or the "bubble sheet". Turn in only that sheet. Anything you write on this exam will not be seen or used or considered or graded. Be sure your name is on the "bubble sheet" you hand in. Be sure your name is bubbled-in. Be sure your answers are recorded correctly.
For every question, also consider the following as a possible answer:
e) none of the above
Possibly useful information:
v =
x /
a =
v = vi + a t
x = xi + v i t + (1/2) a t2
v = r
F = ma
F12 = &endash; F21
w = mg
g = 9.8 m/s2 Å 10 m/s2
1. Kinematics is a description of motion. Motion was first well understood
a) by Aristotle and the ancient Greeks
b) by Ptolemy in Egypt
c) by Galileo in Italy
d) not until the beginning of the twentieth century
2. To measure the time needed to investigate motion,
a) Aristotle used the pendulum clock which had just been invented
b) Ptolemy used a sundial
c) Galileo invented his own water clocks
d) Newton invented the pendulum clock
3. Velocity is the time rate of change of
a) acceleration
b) speed
c) displacement
d) momentum
4. Acceleration is the time rate of change of
a) velocity
b) displacement
c) distance
d) momentum
5. Acceleration is a description of
a) where an object is located relative to an origin or reference point.
b) how fast something is moving.
c) how fast something is getting faster.
d) how long an object has been moving.
6. What is the average speed of a motorcycle that travels 30 m in 3 s?
a) 90 m/s
b) 30 m/s
c) 10 m/s; v =
d) 6 m/s
7. What is the average speed of a car that travels 75 km in 3 h?
a) 225 km/h
b) 25 km/h ; v =
c) 15 km/h
d) 9.8 km/h
8. Consider a car that starts at rest and accelerates at 2 m/s2 for 3 seconds. At that time, t = 3 s, how fast is it going?
a) 30 m/s
b) 19 m/s
c) 16 m/s
d) 6 m/s; v = vi + a t = 0 + ( 2 m/s2 )(3 s) = 6 m/s
9. Consider a train that has an acceleration of 2 m/s2. Initially, at time t = 0, it has a velocity of vi = 10 m/s. What is its velocity at t = 3 s?
a) 30 m/s
b) 19 m/s
c) 16 m/s ; v = vi + a t = 10 m/s + ( 2 m/s2 )(3 s) = ( 10 + 6 ) m/s = 16 m/s
d) 6 m/s
10. Consider a car that starts at rest and accelerates at 2 m/s2 for 3 seconds. At that time, t = 3 s, how far has it gone?
a) 12 m
b) 9 m; x = xi + v i t + (1/2) a t2 = 0 + 0 + (1/2) ( 2 m/s2 ) ( 3 s )2 = (1/2) ( 2 ) ( 9 ) m = 9 m
c) 6 m
d) 3 m
11. Consider a ball that is thrown upward at the edge of a canyon with an initial velocity of 20 m/s. Three seconds later, what is its velocity?
a) 30 m/s
b) 15 m/s
c) - 10 m/s; v = vi + a t = 20 m/s + ( - 10 m/s2 ) ( 3 s) = ( 20 - 30 ) m/s = - 10 m/s
The minus sign means the velocity is down.
d) &endash; 30 m/s
12. Consider a ball that is thrown straight upward at the edge of a canyon with an initial velocity of 20 m/s. Three seconds later, where is it located? Take its initial position, at the edge of the canyon, to be the origin; that is, yi = 0.
a) 30 m
b) 15 m; x = xi + vi t + (1/2) a t2
or
y = yi + vyi t + (1/2) ay t2 = 0 + ( 20 m/s ) ( 3 s ) + (1/2) ( - 10 m/s2) ( 3 s )2
y = ( 0 + 60 - 45 ) m = 15 m
y = 15 m
c) - 10 m
d) - 30 m
13. Consider a ball that is thrown horizontally from the edge of a building with an initial velocity of 20 m/s. The building is 5 m above the driveway below. How far from the building does the ball strike the driveway?
a) 5 m
b) 10 m
c) 15 m
d) 20 m
First, how long (how much time?) does it fall as it falls 5 m vertically?
y = yi + vyi t + (1/2) ay t2
0 = 5 m + 0 + (1/2) ( - 10 m/s2) t2
0 = 5 - 5 t2
t2 = 1
t = 1 s
In this time of one second, t = 1 s, how far, horizontally does the ball move?
x = vxi t = (20 m/s) (1 s) = 20 m
x = 20 m
14. When a ball or stone or other object is thrown or hit or fired, and air resistance can be neglected, the resulting motion is known as projectile motion The path of an object in projectile motion is
a) a straight line
b) a hyperbola
c) a parabola
d) a quadrant of a circle
15. Projectile motion is a combination of
a) horizontal motion with constant, non-zero acceleration and vertical motion with constant velocity
b) horizontal motion with constant non-zero acceleration and vertical motion with constant, non-zero acceleration
c) horizontal motion with constant velocity and vertical motion with constant, non-zero acceleration
d) horizontal motion with constant velocity and vertical motion with constant velocity
16. Consider a ball thrown from a level surface with an initial upward velocity of 10 m/s and an initial horizontal velocity of 5 m/s. How long is the ball in the air?
a) 1.0 s
b) 1.5 s
c) 2.0 s
If it were thrown straight up with an initial upward velocity of 10 m/s, it would be in the air for 2.0 s. We can calculate this from
y = yi + vyit + (1/2) ay t2
0 = 0 + 10 t + (1/2) ( - 10 ) t2
5 t2 = 10 t
5 t = 10
t = 2 = 2 s
or, we can think it through one second at a time.
Initially, for t = 0, v = 10 m/s, y = 0
A second later, for t = 1 s, v = 0, y = 5 m
A second after that, for t = 2 s, v = - 10 m/s, y = 0
"y = 0" means we are back at the starting position.
The horizontal motion is independent of the vertical motion, so our motion for this question takes the same amount of time, 2.0 s.
d) 4.0 s
17. Consider a ball thrown from a level surface with an initial upward velocity of 10 m/s and an initial horizontal velocity of 5 m/s. Where does it land? That is, measured from its initial position, where does it come back to and strike the level surface?
a) 5 m
b) 10 m;
From the previous question, we already know the ball will be in the air for 2.0 s. How far does it travel horizontally in two seconds?
x = vx t
x = (5 m/s) (2 s)
x = 10 m
c) 15 m
d) 20 m
18. Newton's First Law of Motion states that, in the absence of a net force, an object in motion will
a) eventually come to rest
b) continue in motion but slow down until it stops
c) continue in motion with the same speed along the same straight line
d) continue along the same straight line with a decrease in speed
19. Mass is a measure of
a) the volume of an object
b) the size of an object
c) how difficult it is to change the motion of an object
d) the velocity of an object
20. The weight of an object is
a) the same thing as the mass of an object
b) the sum of all the forces on an object
c) the force of gravity on an object
d) always less than the mass, even in a vacuum
21. The net force on a 1-kg object, at rest, is
a) 9.8 N
b) 4.9 N
c) 1.00 N
d) zero
If an object is at rest, the net force acting upon it must be zero.
22. The net force on a 1-kg object, in free fall, is
a) 9.8 N
b) 4.9 N
c) 1.00 N
d) zero
23. Harry the Painter has a weight of 500 N. When he is suspended as shown in the sketch here, what is the tension in the rope?
a) 1000 N
b) 500 N
c) 250 N
Harry's weight is 500 N. He is being held in place by two ropes. Each of them exerts a force up of 250 N. The force exerted by a rope is the tension in the rope.
d) 25 N
24. Newton's Second Law of Motion explains the cause of motion and may be stated as
a) "All motion is relative."
b) "All objects fall with the same velocity."
c) "The acceleration of an object is proportional to the net force on the object and inversley proportional to the object's mass."
We could then write this as
a = F/m
but it seems easier to say this as
F = ma
d) "The acceleration of an object is proportional to the product of the object's mass and the net force on it."
25. Newton's Second Law of Motion explains the cause of motion and may be stated as
a) The net force on an object is inversely proportional to its weight.
b) The net force on an object produces an acceleration that is proportional to the time of action of that force.
c) The net force on an object is equal to the product of the mass of that object and its acceleration.
And that is, indeed, F = ma.
d) The net force on an object is inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
26. A force of 24 N acts on an object whose mass is 6 kg. This causes the object to accelerate at
a) 2 m/s2
b) 4 m/s 2
F = m a
24 = 6 x a
24 = 6 x 4
a = 4 = 4 m/s2
c) 8 m/s 2
d) 12 m/s 2
27. A car, with mass of 1,000 kg, accelerates at 2 m/s 2. The net force exerted on the car must be
a) 500 N
b) 1,000 N
c) 2,000 N
F = ma
F = (1 000 kg) (2 m/s2)
F = 2 000 N
d) 10,000 N
28. The weight of a 1,000-kg car is
a) 500 N
b) 1,000 N
c) 2,000 N
d) 10,000 N
w = mg
w = ( 1 000 kg ) ( 10 m/s2 )
w = 10 000 N
29. A fireman, whose weight is 500 N, slides down a pole with an acceleration of 3 m/s 2. The forces that act on him are his weight pulling him down and the force of friction pulling up on him to slow him down. The force of friction must be
a) 90 N
b) 150 N
c) 350 N
w = mg
500 N = m ( 10 m/s2 )
m = 50 kg
F = Fnet = ma
Fnet = ( 50 kg ) ( 3 m/s2 ) = 150 N
Fnet = w - Ffrct = 500 N - Ffrct
500 N - Ffrct = 150 N
Ffrct = 500 N - 150 N
Ffrct = 350 N
d) 500 N
30. Newton's Third Law of Motion may be stated as
a) The force that object A exerts on object B is proportional to the sum of their masses and inversely proportional to the distance between their centers.
b) The force that object A exerts on object B is proportional to the sum of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of distance between their centers.
c) The force that object A exerts on object B is equal to the force that object B exerts on object A but is in the opposite direction.
d) The force that object A exerts on object B is equal to the distance between object B and object A.
31. Newton's Third Law of Motion may be paraphrased as
a) "You can not touch a moving object without affecting its motion."
b) "You can not touch without being touched."
c) "You can not touch a hot flame without being burned."
d) "You can touch a moving object &emdash; if you are quick and careful."
32. The four fundamental forces are
a) Gravity, contact, friction, and air resistance
b) Gravity, Electromagnetism, Weak Nuclear, and Strong Nuclear
c) Gravity, Electricity, Solar, and Nuclear
d) Electricity, Magnetism, Nuclear, and Elemetary
33. Suppose you are driving along in an open car and throw a ball straight up into the air. While the ball is still in the air you step on the brakes. Where does the ball land relative to the car?
a) behind the car
b) back into the car
c) in front of the car
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